@charset "UTF-8";
img{height:auto}
.article-layout>*,.tool-layout>*{min-width:0}
.tool-fields{border:0;padding:0;margin:0;min-width:0}
:root{--paper:#f7f6f1;--white:#fff;--ink:#20302c;--muted:#58635e;--line:#dcded5;--teal:#24684d;--lime:#ddeba8;--orange:#e88761;--serif:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;--sans:Inter,"Segoe UI","Apple SD Gothic Neo","Malgun Gothic",sans-serif;--mono:Consolas,monospace}
*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--sans);font-size:16px;line-height:1.65}a{color:inherit;text-underline-offset:4px}button,input,select,textarea{font:inherit}button,a,input,select,textarea{touch-action:manipulation}button{cursor:pointer}button:disabled{cursor:default;opacity:.45}a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,input:focus-visible,select:focus-visible,textarea:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--teal);outline-offset:4px}::selection{background:var(--lime)}.wrap{width:min(1160px,calc(100% - 64px));margin:auto}.header{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.header-inner{min-height:98px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px}.brand{font-weight:700;font-size:23px;letter-spacing:-1px;line-height:1.2;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;text-decoration:none}.brand-caption{display:block;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:8px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:1.5px;margin-top:6px}.brand-symbol{width:34px;height:39px;border:1.5px solid var(--ink);border-radius:15px 15px 3px 3px;font-family:var(--serif);font-size:29px;line-height:32px;text-align:center}.brand-symbol span,.brand-dot{color:var(--teal)}nav{display:flex;gap:30px;align-items:center}nav a,.language{font-size:13px;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none}.header nav a:hover,.header [aria-current=page]{color:var(--teal)}.language{padding:8px 12px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:4px;white-space:nowrap}.skip{position:absolute;top:-100px;left:20px;background:var(--ink);color:#fff;z-index:20;padding:12px}.skip:focus{top:12px}.eyebrow{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:11px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--teal)}h1,h2,h3,p{margin-top:0}h1,h2{font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-1.9px;line-height:1.12}h1{font-size:58px}h2{font-size:36px}h3{font-size:22px;line-height:1.3;letter-spacing:-.5px}p{color:var(--muted)}.serif{font-family:var(--serif)}.hero{padding:66px 0 58px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.05fr 1fr;gap:65px;align-items:center}.hero h1{font-size:74px;letter-spacing:-3.4px;margin:19px 0 23px}.hero h1 em{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:400;color:var(--teal)}html[lang=ko] .hero h1{font-size:62px;line-height:1.2;letter-spacing:-3px}.hero .intro{max-width:460px;font-size:17px;line-height:1.8;margin-bottom:25px}.button{display:inline-flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:16px;border:1px solid var(--ink);background:var(--ink);color:#fff;padding:12px 19px;border-radius:4px;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none}.button:hover{background:#304a3f}.button.secondary{color:var(--ink);background:transparent}.button.secondary:hover{background:#ebece3}.hero-actions{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap}.hero-note{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;font-size:11px;font-family:var(--mono);margin-top:25px;color:var(--muted)}.dot{height:6px;width:6px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--teal)}.bench-art{position:relative;padding:22px;background:#e9ebdf;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:7px}.bench-art::before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:10px;border:1px solid #c9cfc0;pointer-events:none}.bench-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;position:relative;font-size:10px;font-family:var(--mono);letter-spacing:1.4px;margin:8px 6px 22px}.mini-player{position:relative;background:#142821;border-radius:5px;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid #264239}.mini-player img{width:100%;display:block;aspect-ratio:16/9;object-fit:cover;opacity:.92}.player-caption{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;padding:11px 15px;color:#d8e1cf;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:10px}.bench-result{position:relative;background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--line);padding:17px 18px;margin:15px 0 6px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr;gap:15px;border-radius:4px}.bench-result .label{font-size:10px;color:var(--muted)}.bench-result strong{display:block;font-size:22px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-1px;line-height:1.6}.bench-result .good{color:var(--teal)}.section{padding:44px 0 64px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.section-head{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:30px;align-items:end;margin-bottom:29px}.section-head h2{margin:8px 0 0}.section-head p{max-width:350px;margin:0;font-size:14px}.section-head>a{font-size:13px;white-space:nowrap}.tool-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:20px}.tool-card{display:block;background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:5px;position:relative;padding:28px 30px;text-decoration:none;transition:border-color .15s,transform .15s}.tool-card:hover{border-color:var(--teal);transform:translateY(-2px)}.tool-card h3{font-size:28px;margin:25px 0 12px}.tool-card p{max-width:370px;font-size:14px}.tool-mark{position:absolute;right:29px;top:25px;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:26px;color:#72806d}.card-foot{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding-top:18px;margin-top:19px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);font-size:11px;font-family:var(--mono);color:var(--muted)}.card-foot>span{font-size:19px;color:var(--ink)}.guide-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px}.guide-card{display:flex;flex-direction:column;text-decoration:none;padding:25px 0 0;border-top:2px solid var(--ink)}.guide-card:hover h3{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:5px}.guide-card h3{margin:15px 0 14px;max-width:320px}.guide-card p{font-size:14px;flex:1;margin-bottom:0}.guide-card .card-foot{border:0;margin-top:7px}.feature-guide{display:grid;grid-template-columns:.95fr 1fr;gap:52px;align-items:center;margin:0 0 50px}.feature-image{position:relative}.feature-image img{display:block;max-width:100%;aspect-ratio:16/9;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px}.frame-label{position:absolute;bottom:12px;left:12px;background:#20302ce8;color:white;padding:5px 10px;font:10px var(--mono)}.feature-guide h2{margin:15px 0;font-size:37px}.text-link{font-size:13px;font-weight:600}.method-strip{padding:28px 0;display:flex;gap:35px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);align-items:center}.method-strip p{font-size:13px;margin:0;flex:1}.method-strip .eyebrow{white-space:nowrap}.footer{padding:38px 0 18px;background:#eceee4;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.footer-top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:30px}.footer p{font-size:12px;margin:14px 0 25px}.footer nav{align-items:start;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:22px;max-width:450px}.footer nav a{font-size:11px}.footer-bottom{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-size:10px;color:var(--muted);border-top:1px solid #d3d8c8;padding-top:17px}.breadcrumb{display:flex;gap:10px;color:var(--muted);font-size:11px;padding-top:28px;margin-bottom:31px}.breadcrumb a{text-decoration:none}.page-heading{max-width:800px;margin-bottom:35px}.page-heading h1{font-size:49px;line-height:1.16;margin:14px 0 16px}.page-heading p{font-size:16px;max-width:700px}.tool-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.12fr .88fr;gap:28px;align-items:start;margin-bottom:60px}.panel{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:5px;background:#fff;padding:27px}.panel h2{font-size:20px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-.5px;margin-bottom:21px}.form-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:20px}.field{min-width:0}.field.full{grid-column:1/-1}.field label,.field-label{font-size:12px;font-weight:600;display:block;margin-bottom:7px}input,select,textarea{width:100%;border:1px solid #bfc7bc;border-radius:4px;background:#fbfcf8;color:var(--ink);padding:11px 12px;font-size:15px;min-height:46px}textarea{min-height:214px;resize:vertical;line-height:1.75;font-size:14px}input:read-only{background:#e9eee3}input[aria-invalid=true],textarea[aria-invalid=true],select[aria-invalid=true]{border-color:#b34630}.hint{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);margin:7px 0 0}.mode-switch{border:0;padding:0;margin:0 0 25px}.mode-switch legend{font-size:12px;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:9px}.mode-options{display:flex;gap:8px}.mode-options label{flex:1;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:10px;font-size:12px;border-radius:4px;display:flex;gap:8px;align-items:center}.mode-options label:has(input:checked){border-color:var(--teal);background:#f0f5e6}.mode-options input{width:15px;height:15px;min-height:0;accent-color:var(--teal)}.form-action{margin-top:25px;width:100%}.error{margin:15px 0 0;color:#923f2b;font-size:12px;background:#fff1e9;padding:12px;border-radius:3px}.error:empty{display:none}.result-panel{background:#e9efdd;border-color:#cbd7ba;position:sticky;top:20px}.result-kicker{font:10px var(--mono);letter-spacing:1.5px;color:var(--teal)}.result-number{font-size:56px;line-height:1.15;letter-spacing:-2px;margin:21px 0 11px;font-weight:500;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.result-number small{font-size:25px;letter-spacing:-1px}.result-explain{font-size:12px;color:#42503c;line-height:1.8}.metrics{margin:24px 0;border-top:1px solid #c8d3b7}.metric{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;align-items:center;font-size:12px;padding:12px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #c8d3b7}.metric strong{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;text-align:right}.result-note{font-size:11px;color:#42503c}.result-panel>a{font-size:12px}.understanding{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:45px;padding:36px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.understanding h2{font-size:24px}.understanding p,.understanding li{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted)}.table-scroll{overflow-x:auto;margin:20px 0;max-width:100%}table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:12px;text-align:left}th{background:#edf0e5;color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}td,th{padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);vertical-align:top;white-space:normal}table .number{font-family:var(--mono);text-align:right;white-space:nowrap}.counts{display:flex;gap:18px;font:11px var(--mono);color:var(--muted);margin:9px 0 0}.calibration{padding-top:24px;margin-top:24px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.calibration h3{font-size:16px;margin-bottom:7px}.calibration>p{font-size:12px}.timer-actions{display:flex;gap:9px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap}.timer-actions .button{font-size:11px;padding:9px 12px}.timer-clock{font:17px var(--mono);margin-left:auto;min-width:66px}.timer-status{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);margin:12px 0 0}.text-notice{font-size:11px;color:#923f2b;margin:9px 0 0}.text-notice:empty{display:none}.guide-index{padding-bottom:65px}.guide-index .guide-grid{margin-top:35px;row-gap:36px}.article-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,780px) 240px;gap:70px;padding-bottom:70px;align-items:start}.article-header h1{font-size:50px;line-height:1.13;margin:16px 0 20px}.article-deck{font-size:18px;line-height:1.7}.article-meta{display:flex;gap:16px;font:10px var(--mono);color:var(--muted);padding:17px 0 28px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.article-body{font-size:16px;line-height:1.85}.article-body p{margin:0 0 19px}.article-body h2{font-size:29px;line-height:1.25;margin:39px 0 19px}.article-body h3{font-size:19px;margin:30px 0 12px}.article-body ul,.article-body ol{padding-left:22px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:24px}.article-body li{margin:10px 0}.article-body figure{margin:25px 0}.article-body figure>img{max-width:100%;height:auto;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:3px}.article-body figcaption{font-size:11px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--muted);margin-top:9px}.callout{border-left:3px solid var(--teal);background:#ecefdf;padding:19px 21px;margin:24px 0;font-size:14px;line-height:1.8;color:#3e4e38}.callout p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.formula{background:#20302c;color:#e1ebd3;font:13px/1.8 var(--mono);padding:20px;overflow-wrap:anywhere;border-radius:4px;margin:22px 0}.article-aside{position:sticky;top:25px;padding-top:12px}.article-aside .eyebrow{font-size:10px}.article-aside a{display:block;font-size:12px;line-height:1.6;text-decoration:none;margin:13px 0}.article-aside a:hover{color:var(--teal);text-decoration:underline}.aside-tool{margin-top:30px;padding:18px;background:#e9efdd;border-radius:4px}.aside-tool p{font-size:12px;margin:10px 0}.aside-tool .button{font-size:11px}.sources{font-size:12px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:32px;padding-top:23px}.sources a{overflow-wrap:anywhere}.compare-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:11px}.compare-grid figure{margin:0}.compare-grid img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:3px}.compare-grid figcaption{font-size:10px}.sample-video{width:100%;display:block;aspect-ratio:16/9;background:#142821;border-radius:4px;max-height:440px}.sample-links{display:flex;gap:14px;flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:12px;margin-top:12px}.ops{max-width:770px;margin:0 auto;padding-bottom:70px}.ops h1{font-size:49px;margin:15px 0 25px}.ops h2{font-size:25px;margin:35px 0 17px}.ops p,.ops li{font-size:15px;line-height:1.85}.ops a{color:var(--teal)}.stat-strip{display:flex;gap:15px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:26px 0}.stat-pill{padding:8px 12px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:3px;font:11px var(--mono)}[hidden]{display:none!important}.empty-result{padding:20px 0;font-size:14px;color:#5a6750}
@media(min-width:1500px){.wrap{width:min(1230px,calc(100% - 96px))}.hero{gap:100px}}
@media(max-width:1000px){.wrap{width:calc(100% - 44px)}.hero{gap:30px}.hero h1{font-size:60px}html[lang=ko] .hero h1{font-size:49px}.article-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 195px;gap:35px}.header nav{gap:20px}.hero .intro{font-size:15px}.feature-guide{gap:35px}.guide-grid{gap:20px}.result-number{font-size:46px}.panel{padding:22px}}
@media(max-width:760px){.wrap{width:calc(100% - 36px)}.header-inner{min-height:104px;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;padding:17px 0 13px}.header .brand{font-size:22px}.header nav{order:3;width:100%;justify-content:flex-start;gap:25px;margin-top:16px}.header nav a{font-size:11px}.language{font-size:11px;padding:6px 10px}.brand-symbol{width:29px;height:33px;font-size:25px;line-height:27px}.hero{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:36px;padding:40px 0 42px}.hero h1{font-size:65px;line-height:1.02;margin:17px 0 20px}html[lang=ko] .hero h1{font-size:52px;line-height:1.17;letter-spacing:-2.5px}.hero .intro{font-size:15px;max-width:560px}.hero-note{margin-top:19px}.bench-art{padding:19px}.bench-heading{margin-bottom:17px}.bench-result strong{font-size:21px}.section{padding:32px 0 40px}.section-head{align-items:start;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:17px;margin-bottom:24px}.section-head h2{font-size:31px}.section-head p{max-width:none;width:100%;font-size:13px}.tool-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:16px}.tool-card{padding:23px 25px}.tool-card h3{font-size:27px;margin:19px 0 12px}.tool-card p{max-width:none}.guide-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:24px}.guide-card{padding-top:19px}.guide-card h3{max-width:none;margin:11px 0}.guide-card .card-foot{margin:0;padding-top:10px}.feature-guide{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:24px;margin-bottom:35px}.feature-guide h2{font-size:32px;letter-spacing:-1.5px}.method-strip{align-items:start;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:13px}.method-strip p{flex-basis:100%}.footer-top{display:block}.footer nav{gap:20px;max-width:none;margin-bottom:26px}.footer-bottom{gap:15px;flex-wrap:wrap}.breadcrumb{margin-bottom:27px;font-size:10px}.page-heading h1{font-size:38px;letter-spacing:-1.6px;line-height:1.25}.page-heading p{font-size:14px}.tool-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px;margin-bottom:35px}.panel{padding:22px 20px}.form-grid{gap:19px 15px}.field label{font-size:11px}.result-panel{position:static}.result-number{font-size:52px}.understanding{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px;padding:28px 0}.understanding h2{font-size:23px}.article-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:30px;padding-bottom:45px}.article-header h1{font-size:38px;letter-spacing:-1.5px;line-height:1.2}.article-deck{font-size:16px}.article-meta{font-size:9px;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:11px}.article-body{font-size:15px}.article-body h2{font-size:26px}.article-body table{font-size:11px;min-width:0}.article-body td,.article-body th{padding:10px 8px}.article-aside{position:static;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:26px}.article-aside>a{display:none}.aside-tool{margin-top:10px}.compare-grid{gap:7px}.ops h1{font-size:39px}.ops{padding-bottom:45px}.guide-index{padding-bottom:42px}.mode-options label{font-size:11px}.formula{font-size:11px;padding:17px}.hero-actions .button{font-size:12px}.counts{font-size:10px;gap:12px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,*::before,*::after{transition:none!important;animation:none!important}}